At present, the widely used biomedical metal materials mainly include stainless steel, cobalt based alloy, titanium and titanium alloy (including titanium based shape memory alloy), precious metal, pure metal (tantalum, niobium, zirconium) five categories. Compared with other metal materials, the advantages of using titanium and titanium alloy are mainly 6 points.

1. The light

Only 56% of stainless steel. The implant can greatly reduce the load of the human body, and also reduce the operating load of medical staff.

2. Low elastic modulus

Pure titanium is 100GPa, only 53% of stainless steel, implanted in human body is close to human natural bone, which is conducive to bone grafting and can reduce the stress shielding effect of bone on implants.

3. The non-magnetic

Titanium and titanium alloy are non-magnetic metals, not affected by electromagnetic field and thunderstorm weather, is conducive to the safety of human body after use.

4. Non-toxic

Titanium and titanium alloy are non-toxic, as implants have no side effects on human body.

5. Candle resistance

Titanium and titanium alloy are known as biological inert metal materials, which have excellent corrosion resistance in human blood immersion environment, and good compatibility with human blood and cell tissue. As implants, there will be no human pollution and no allergic reaction. If the implant is anodized and colored, the wear resistance, candle resistance and cyclic fatigue resistance of the implant under human conditions can be improved, and the problem of metal ion dissolution can be solved to a large extent, and the compatibility of the implant can be improved.

6. High strength and good toughness

Due to trauma, tumor and other factors lead to damage of bone and joint, to build a solid bone scaffold, must with the aid of curved plates, screws, artificial bone and joint, etc., these implants will leave the body for a long time, will be affected by the bending and torsion of the human body, extrusion, the action such as muscle contraction force, require implants with high strength is toughness. Research and clinical examples show that pure titanium can be used in the parts of the human body with low stress, and Ti-6Al-4V alloy can be used in the parts of the human body with high stress.